Journal of Comprehensive Pediatrics

Letter

1/2/2015

Dental Caries Prevalence and Incidence in Pediatric Dentistry

Markku Larmas, Kauko K Makinen

Case Report

20/2/2015

Dental Considerations in Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome: A Case Report

Ghassem Ansari, Masoud Fallahinejad Ghajari, Bahareh Nazemi, Behnaz Erfanian

Case Presentation: Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) is a relatively rare condition involving a group of patients with inherited connective tissue disorders. Main manifestations of this condition are fragile and hyperextensible skin as well as joint mobility. A 6.5 year-old-girl referred with clinical presentation of frequent unexplained bruises leading to the characteristic clinical features of ED syndrome. Gentle and atraumatic approach in every way is the key in medical and dental management of such patients as minimum pressure could still lead to severe bruises even during a simple dental examination.

Research Article

21/2/2015

Correlation Between Sleep Quality and Blood Pressure Changes in Iranian Children

Azita Tavasoli, Minoo Saeidi, Nakysa Hooman

Results: After excluding duplicate cases and those with insufficient data, 76 children entered into study. Overall sleep quality was good in 48 and poor in 28 children. Mean diastolic BP load (P = 0.019), diastolic load awake-time (P = 0.045), mean systolic sleep-time (P = 0.022), non-dipper state (P = 0.009) were statistically different among groups. By dividing the children into two groups of good and poor sleeper, the parameters of BP were not different. In addition, there was no correlation between BP classifications and sleep latency, duration of sleep, sleep efficiency, sleep disturbance, day dysfunction due to sleepiness, and overall sleep quality score.

Research Article

25/11/2014

Non-traumatic Coma in Children in South-East of Iran

Ali Khajeh, Ghasem Miri-Aliabad, Afshin Fayyazi

Patients and Methods: All children (aged 1 month to 15 years) hospitalized for non-traumatic coma were included in this study. All of the patients received clinical measures such as history, physical, and neurological examinations. Glasgow coma scale (GCS) was used to determine the level of consciousness and paraclinical examinations, including CBC with differential, blood biochemistry, urine analysis, and liver function tests were performed on all patients. In case of indication, blood and urine culture, brain CT (Computed Tomography) scan or brain MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), lumbar puncture, metabolic study, EEG (electroencephalogram), and so forth were carried out. Finally, the data were analyzed and the most common causes of loss of consciousness were determined.

Results: Among the 123 children under investigation, 76 cases were male (61.8%) and 47 females (38.2%) with the mean age of 3.2 ± 0.64 years. The most common causes of loss of consciousness among children were as follows: toxic causes in 61 patients (49.6%), infectious causes in 30 patients (24.4%), metabolic causes in 11 patients (8.9%), structural brain abnormalities in 4 patients (3.3%) and seizure in 7 children (5.7%). Moreover, 10 patients (8.1%) had other causes of loss of consciousness.

Research Article

20/2/2015

Prevalence of Astigmatism in 4- to 6-Year-Old Population of Mashhad, Iran

Hassan Hashemi, Soheila Asgari, Abbas Ali Yekta, Hadi Ostadimoghaddam, Batool Haghighi, Sara Soroush, Hava Shafiee, Mehdi Khabazkhoob

Patients and Methods: This report was a part of the cross-sectional Mashhad Eye Study in which 3675 of 4-6 years old children in Mashhad kindergartens were selected through random cluster sampling, of which, 3701 participated in the study (response rate: 98.3%). Refractive astigmatism was determined using a retinoscope (HEINE BETA-200, Germany) and defined as a cylinder power of more than 0.5 diopter (D). Corneal astigmatism was measured using Pentacam (Oculus Optikgerate GmbH, Germany).

Results: The prevalence of refractive astigmatism of more than 0.5D in at least one eye was 51.4% (95% confidence interval (CI): 50.7-52.1); 52.1% in girls and 50.7% in boys (P = 0.412). Prevalence of astigmatism decreased with age, but not statistically significant (odds ratio: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.87-1.07). Mean corneal astigmatism was 1.01 D (95% CI: 0.99-1.03); 1.00 D (95% CI: 0.98-1.02) and 1.02 D (95% CI: 1.00-1.04) in girls and boys, respectively (P = 0.243). Mean corneal astigmatism was not significantly different between different age groups (P = 0.410).

Research Article

20/2/2015

Acetaminophen and Ibuprofen in Controlling Fever and Preventing Convulsion in Children With Febrile Seizure

Aliasghar Halimi Asl, Payam Samei, Amir Hossein Hosseini

Patients and Methods: In this study, 36 children who were under the control of acetaminophen in the case of febrile diseases occurrence as well as 36 who were under the control of ibuprofen were included. After prescribing the drug for the febrile disease period (ibuprofen, 10 mg/kg every 6 hours; acetaminophen, 15 mg/kg every 6 hours), the parents were asked to record the children’s body temperatures as well as any occurrence of convulsion in periods of 0, 2, 4, 6, 12, and 24 hours after the administration of the first dose.

Results: The mean temperature at the time of starting drug administration was 39.06℃ ± 0.56℃ in the acetaminophen and 39.19℃ ± 0.61℃ in the ibuprofen group (P = 0.335). There was no significant difference between the temperature decrease following ibuprofen and acetaminophen administration one, two, and four hours after the drug administration (P =0.055, P = 0.181, and P = 0.0167, respectively), but the difference was significant after 6, 12, and 24 hours (P value of 0.006, 0.044, and 0.005, respectively). No serious or important adverse effect was reported in patients.

Journal of Comprehensive Pediatrics: Feb 2015, 6 (1), 6 articles.