Journal of Comprehensive Pediatrics

Research Article

22/5/2016

Evaluation of Urinary Tract Infection in Children With Gastroenteritis

Gholamreza Soleimani, Simin Sadeghi Bojd, Alireza Teimouri, Elham Shafighi Shahri, Elham Karbasy Dehujy

Patients and Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 200 participants, 100 were patients with acute gastroenteritis and the other 100 were controls who referred to the clinic for routine checkup. UTI was defined as two positive urine cultures with > 10⁵ cfu/mL. If white blood cells were more than 10/mm³ in un-centrifuged urine it would be considered pyuria and more than one microorganism in 10 oil immersion fields as bacteriuria. Analysis was conducted using SPSS ver. 16 with application of chi-square test and 0.05 as significant levels.

Results: The distribution of these 200 children were 115 (57.5%) and 85 (42.5%) for females and males respectively. The gender and age distribution in case and control groups showed non-significant association. In urine culture it was observed that 27 individuals were positive and there were seven healthy children. The number of children with positive urine culture was higher than that of their counterparts significantly (P = 0.0001). Relationship between urine culture and age groups showed that the number of participants with positive urine culture was higher in children with age of two months to two years but it was not significant (P = 0.54).

Research Article

21/5/2016

Impact of Telephone Reminders on Attendance Rate at Paediatric Clinics

Mansoor Ahmed, Sujatha Chinnappan, Evangelia Gole, Benjamin Martin, Azhar Manzoor

Results: Total number of patients in 6 months were 4156 [2674 follow-up (F/U), 1482 New] in 2013 and 4732 [3100 F/U, 1632 New] in 2014. Overall NAR in 2014 was significantly lower (5.1%) than in 2013 (P = < 0.001)). The difference for follow up appointments was 6.9% (P = < 0.001), and 1.75% for new appointments (P = 0.147). Patients who confirmed attendance were more likely to attend their appointment (97.9%) compared with those left a voice message (91.4%) and those that were not contactable (82.1%).

Research Article

26/4/2016

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Speech and Language Delay in Children Less Than Three Years of Age

Nivedita Mondal, B.Vishnu Bhat, Nishad Plakkal, Mahalakshmy Thulasingam, Payyadakkath Ajayan, D.Rachel Poorna

Materials and Methods: A descriptive, cross sectional study was conducted in the under-five clinic of our institute, on a sample of 200 children, less than three years old. Language was assessed using Language Evaluation Scale Trivandrum (LEST 0-3) and development in other domains was assessed using the Trivandrum Development Screening Chart (TDSC). The Home Screening Questionnaire (HSQ) was used to assess the home environment. Various biological and environmental risk factors were analyzed.

Results: The prevalence of speech and language delay was found to be 27%. In univariate analysis, parameters found to be significantly associated with speech and language delay were male gender, poor home environment (score ≤ 19 in the Home Screening Questionnaire) and family history of speech and language delay. In multivariate analysis, poor home environment (CI = 0.20 - 0.80, P = 0.01) and positive family history (CI = 0.09 - 0.72, P = 0.01) were significant risk factors. There was a significant association between delay in TDSC and speech delay. However, TDSC alone had a low sensitivity of 33% in detecting speech and language delay.

Conclusions: Prevalence of speech and language delay is high (27%) in children less than three years of age attending the Under-Five clinic for at-risk children. Negative home environment and family history of speech and language disorders are significant risk factors for speech and language delay. The strong association of speech delay with delay in TDSC reemphasizes the need for a complete developmental assessment in any child with speech delay. The TDCS alone fails to detect significant number of cases of speech delay, showing the need to perform a separate speech screening test.

Brief Report

10/5/2016

Neonatal Screening for Congenital Hypothyroidism in an University Hospital in Tehran, Iran

Bita Najafian, Ehsan Shahverdi, Shahla Afsharpaiman, Majid Shohrati, Shahram Karimi, Mohammad Amin Konjedi

Case Report

9/5/2016

Tachycardia-Induced Cardiomyopathy in a 12-Year-Old Child With Long QT Syndrome

Yazdan Ghandi, Mehrzad Sharifi, Mojtaba Hashemi, Parsa Yousefi Chaichi, Akbar Shafiee

Case Presentation: A 12-year-old child with obesity (body mass index > 26.8) was admitted with fatigue, pallor and tachypnea to the clinic. He had palpitation for the past 24 hours. On the cardiac auscultation, holosystolic 2/6 murmur was heard in the apex as well as gallop rhythm. Electrocardiogram revealed heart rate of 150 - 160 bpm and negative P waves in II, III and AVF leads. The echocardiography revealed dilated cardiomyopathy with an ejection fraction of 30%.

Case Report

16/5/2016

Tracheal Bronchus Associated With Unilateral Absence of Pulmonary Artery and Recurrent Pneumonia

Iraj Sedighi, Mehrnaz Olfat, Neda Pak, Maryam Nasr Esfahany

Case Presentation: The patient was a five-month-old female referred to the clinic because of pneumonia with inappropriate response to antibacterial treatment and previous history of recurrent pneumonia. On chest X-ray, she had reduced volume right lung with mediastinal shift to the right side. Thorax computed tomography scan (CT scan) revealed pneumonitis. On bronchoscopy, there was no foreign body, but purulent exudates and fibrin were observed in her right lung and possibility of tracheal bronchus was not proposed. Although axial views of CT scan did not determine any anatomic anomaly, the coronal view reconstruction of her first CT scan revealed tracheal bronchus above the carina on the right side. The images of axial cuts of CT scan re-inspect one more time; it was interesting that it had some evidence of tracheal bronchus.

Editorial

14/5/2016

Pharmacogenetics, the Promise of Translating Personalized Medicine into Clinical Pediatrics

Mahsa Motavaf, Mansour Bahrami

Journal of Comprehensive Pediatrics: May 2016, 7 (2), 7 articles.